2.2 Reading Study Guide a Answer Key

Chapter 2 Answer Key

Study Guide

My Notebook

1. Answers will vary, but could include main ideas from the summary or 1 main idea from each Reading (3).
2. Students should locate at least one set of antonyms or opposites: fast/slow; quickly/slowly; going faster/slowing down.
3. The letter v = velocity, d = distance, and t = time. The formula can be written v = d ÷ t it may also be written in fraction form.

Guided Reading

2.1 Speed and Velocity

1. smallest, largest
2. calculate
3. distance
4. motion

2.2 Graphing Motion

1. variables
2. position
3. graph

2.3 Acceleration

1. motion
2. faster
3. direction

Let's Review

1. c
2. a

Check Your Understanding

Reading 2.1

1. It moves the same distance each second.
2. Velocity includes direction, and speed doesn't.
3. It must be moving in a straight line.
4. m/s, mph, km/h
5. 70 km/h
6. 30 km
7. 20 seconds
8. 960 km
9. Answers are:
1. Cyclist B is moving faster. The picture shows that cyclist B moves a greater distance each second.
2. Cyclist A is moving at 1 m/s, and cyclist B is moving at 2 m/s.

Reading 2.2

1. The slope tells the object's speed or velocity.
2. The x-values are the time, and the y-values are the position.
3. Robin is faster. It takes Joel 15 seconds to travel 100 meters, but it only takes Robin 12 seconds.
4. Robin: 8.33 m/s; Joel: 6.67 m/s
5. Answers are:

2. 16 m
6. B

Reading 2.3

1. The unit m/s/s means a change in a speed measured in m/s that happens each second. The unit "second" appears once for the speed and once for the time over which speed changes.
2. 2 m/s/s
3. Answers are:
1. 20 m/s
2. 4 m/s/s
4. Yes. Changing direction is acceleration.
5. Answers are:
1. C
2. A
3. B
6. The speed increases by 9.8 m/s each second.
7. 19.6 m/s
8. Yes, it is accelerating because it is changing direction.

Connection: High Tech Animal Trackers

1. The harp seal's average speed was 0.93 km/hr.
2. Any two of the following answers is correct: Changes can be made to shipping lane locations. Ship traffic can be slowed in calving areas. Hunting can be restricted. Food sources and/or critical habitat areas can be protected.
3. Answers will vary based on current tagging activity.

Chapter Activity: What's Your Speed?

1. (see data table below)

2. Lap	Distance (m)	Time (min)	Speed (m/min)
   1	400	2.6	154
   2	400	2.9	138
   3	400	2.5	160
   4	400	3.0	133

3. Answers are:
1. Answers may vary. Sample answer: No, you cannot tell where the runner stopped in Figure A because the figure only shows the path the runner traveled.
2. The runner sped up in Lap 3. The speed for the runner in Lap 3 was 160m/min compared to 138m/min in Lap 2.
3. Answers may vary. Sample answer: In Figure A the runner's path leaves the track at two points. It is possible that there is an error in the GPS data coming from a point where the runner was close to the edge of the track, but did not actually leave it. The GPS device may have determined that the runner left the track at this point.

Chapter 2 Review

Vocabulary

Reading 2.1

1. velocity
2. origin
3. position
4. constant speed, average speed
5. speed
6. distance

Reading 2.2

7. slope

Reading 2.3

8. free fall
9. acceleration
10. acceleration due to gravity

Concepts

Reading 2.1

1. Answers are:
1. positive
2. negative
3. negative
4. positive
2. zero
3. Position is where an object is located, and distance is the space between two positions.
4. A plane flying at a steady 400 mph is moving at a constant speed. A plane that is speeding up while moving down the runway is not moving at a constant speed.
5. Both tell how fast an object is moving. Velocity also tells the direction the object is moving.
6. m/s, mph, km/h
7. Identify what the problem is asking. Figure out what the given information is. Identify the relationships you can use. Solve the problem.
8. Answers are:
1. t=d/v
2. v=d/t
3. d=vt

Reading 2.2

9. The manipulated variable is on the x-axis, and the responding variable is on the y-axis.
10. Time is always graphed on the x-axis.
11. The slope is found by dividing the rise (the vertical distance between two points) by the run (the horizontal distance between two points).
12. The slope is the velocity.
13. 3, 4, 1, 2
14. If the graph slopes upward, it is moving away. If it slopes downward, it is moving toward the origin.
15. The distance is equal to the area under the graph.

Reading 2.3

16. zero
17. m/s2
18. speed (or velocity); 3 km/h; second
19. The object's speed is changing.
20. It means an object is slowing down. (It can also mean the object is speeding up while moving in the negative direction.)
21. 9.8 m/s
22. C
23. Constant speed means that the speed is not changing. Constant acceleration means the speed is changing at a steady rate.
24. An object that is turning is accelerating because its direction is changing.

Math and Writing Skills

Reading 2.1

1. 20 cm
2. 12 cm
3. Two object that are moving at the same speed but in different directions have different velocities.
4. 60 m; 9 s; 50 m/s
5. 0.1 mi/min
6. Answers are:
1. 300 cm/h
2. 5 cm/min
3. 3 m/h
7. 5 hours
8. 2 p.m.
9. 134.4 km

Reading 2.2

10. Answers are:

2. His speed was not constant. The graph does not have a constant slope.
3. 4 m/s

12. Answers are:
1. 2 m/s
2. 1 m/s

14. 200 meters

Reading 2.3

Time (s)	Speed (m/s)
0	0
1	3
2	6
3	9
4	12
5	15

16. 2 m/s2
17. Answers are
1. 2 m/s
2. 0.5 m/s2
18. -7.5 km/h/s
19. The object is moving away from the origin and steadily getting faster.

21. If they are moving in different directions, then their velocities are different.

Test Practice

1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C

Project

Criteria	Excellent	Good	Needs some improvement	Needs much improvement	Your score
Egg container is completed on time and meets the design criteria.	4	3	2	1
Egg is able to survive the fall from the required height.	4	3	2	1
Egg container makes efficient use of materials and has a small mass.	4	3	2	1
Poster includes diagram of construction, discusses how egg container performed in the competition, and gives suggestions for improvement.	4	3	2	1
Overall design, creativity, and construction	4	3	2	1
Total

2.2 Reading Study Guide a Answer Key

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